A. Firm Information
Kowal Investment Group, LLC (“Kowal” or the “Advisor”) is a registered investment advisor with the SEC. Kowal
is organized as a Limited Liability Company (“LLC”) under the laws of the State of Wisconsin. Kowal was founded
in May 2010 and is owned and operated by Jeffrey D. Kowal (Founder / Senior Financial Advisor) and Aaron T.
Kowal (President, Chief Compliance Officer).
This Disclosure Brochure provides information regarding the qualifications, business practices, and the advisory
services provided by Kowal. For information regarding this Disclosure Brochure, please contact Aaron Kowal at
(262) 522-4040.
B. Advisory Services Offered
Kowal offers wealth management services, which may include investment management, financial planning
and/or related advisory services to individuals, high net worth individuals, trusts, estates, charitable
organizations, businesses, and retirement plans (each referred to as a “Client”).
The Advisor serves as a fiduciary to Clients, as defined under the applicable laws and regulations. As a fiduciary,
the Advisor upholds a duty of loyalty, fairness and good faith towards each Client and seeks to mitigate potential
conflicts of interest. Kowal's fiduciary commitment is further described in the Advisor’s Code of Ethics. For more
information regarding the Code of Ethics, please see Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading.
Wealth Management Services
Kowal provides customized investment advisory solutions for its Clients. This is achieved through continuous
personal Client contact and interaction while providing either discretionary or non-discretionary wealth
management services. Wealth management services typically include investment management, financial
planning and related advisory services.
Kowal works closely with each Client to identify their investment goals and objectives as well as risk tolerance
and financial situation in order to create a portfolio strategy. Kowal will then construct an investment portfolio
primarily utilizing exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), diversified mutual funds, individual equities, and individual
bonds. The Advisor may recommend the use of unit investment trusts, alternative investments, structured
products and other types of investments, as appropriate, to meet the needs of the Client. The Advisor may retain
certain types of investments based on a Client’s legacy investments based on portfolio fit and/or tax
considerations.
Kowal’s investment strategies are primarily long-term focused, but the Advisor may buy, sell or re-allocate
positions that have been held for less than one year to meet the objectives of the Client or due to market
conditions. Kowal will construct, implement and monitor the portfolio to ensure it meets the goals, objectives,
circumstances, and risk tolerance agreed to by the Client. Each Client will have the opportunity to place
reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held in their respective portfolio, subject to acceptance
by the Advisor.
Kowal evaluates and selects investments for inclusion in Client portfolios only after applying its internal due
diligence process. Kowal may recommend, on occasion, redistributing investment allocations to diversify the
portfolio. Kowal may recommend specific positions to increase sector or asset class weightings. The Advisor may
recommend employing cash positions as a possible hedge against market movement. Kowal may recommend
selling positions for reasons that include, but are not limited to, harvesting capital gains or losses, business or
sector risk exposure to a specific security or class of securities, overvaluation or overweighting of the position[s]
in the portfolio, change in risk tolerance of the Client, generating cash to meet Client needs, or any risk deemed
unacceptable for the Client’s risk tolerance.
At no time will Kowal accept or maintain custody of a Client’s funds or securities, except for the limited authority
as outlined in Item 15 – Custody. All Client assets will be managed within the designated account[s] at the
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Custodian, pursuant to the terms of the wealth management agreement. Please see Item 12 – Brokerage
Practices.
Use of Independent Managers
Kowal will recommend that Clients utilize one or more unaffiliated investment managers or investment platforms
(collectively “Independent Managers”) for all or a portion of a Client’s investment portfolio, based on the Client’s
needs and objectives. In certain instances, the Client may be required to authorize and enter into an investment
management agreement with the Independent Manager[s] that defines the terms in which the Independent
Manager[s] will provide its services. The Advisor will perform initial and ongoing oversight and due diligence over
each Independent Manager to ensure the strategy remains aligned with Clients investment objectives and overall
best interests. The Advisor will also assist the Client in the development of the initial policy recommendations and
managing the ongoing Client relationship. The Client, prior to entering into an agreement with an Independent
Manager, will be provided with the Independent Manager's Form ADV Part 2A - Disclosure Brochure (or a
brochure that makes the appropriate disclosures).
Participant Account Management: As part of the Advisor’s Investment Management Services, when appropriate,
the Advisor will use a third party platform to facilitate management of held away assets such as defined
contribution plan participant accounts, with discretion. The platform allows us to avoid being considered to have
custody of Client funds since we do not have direct access to Client log-in credentials to affect trades. We are not
affiliated with the platform in any way and receive no compensation from them for using their platform. A link will
be provided to the Client allowing them to connect an account(s) to the platform. Once Client account(s) is
connected to the platform, Adviser will review the current account allocations. When deemed necessary, Adviser
will rebalance the account considering client investment goals and risk tolerance, and any change in allocations
will consider current economic and market trends. The goal is to improve account performance over time,
minimize loss during difficult markets, and manage internal fees that harm account performance. Client
account(s) will be reviewed at least quarterly and allocation changes will be made as deemed necessary.
Retirement
Accounts – When the Advisor provides investment advice to Clients regarding ERISA retirement
accounts or individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), the Advisor is a fiduciary within the meaning of Title I of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and/or the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”), as applicable,
which are laws governing retirement accounts. When deemed to be in the Client’s best interest, the Advisor will
provide investment advice to a Client regarding a distribution from an ERISA retirement account or to roll over
the assets to an IRA, or recommend a similar transaction including rollovers from one ERISA sponsored Plan to
another, one IRA to another IRA, or from one type of account to another account (e.g. commission-based
account to fee-based account). Such a recommendation creates a conflict of interest if the Advisor will earn a
new (or increase its current) advisory fee as a result of the transaction. No client is under any obligation to roll
over a retirement account to an account managed by the Advisor.
Financial Planning Services
Kowal provides a variety of financial planning and consulting services to Clients. Services may be included in an
overall wealth management engagement or through a separate written financial planning arrangement. Services
are offered in several areas of a Client’s financial situation, depending on their goals and objectives. Generally,
such financial planning services involve preparing a formal financial plan or rendering a specific financial
consultation based on the Client’s financial goals and objectives. This planning or consulting may encompass
one or more areas of need, including but not limited to, investment planning, retirement planning, personal
savings, education savings, insurance needs, and other areas of a Client’s financial situation.
A financial plan developed for, or financial consultation rendered to the Client will usually include general
recommendations for a course of activity or specific actions to be taken by the Client. For example,
recommendations may be made that the Client start or revise their investment programs, commence or alter
retirement savings, establish education savings and/or charitable giving programs.
Kowal may also refer Clients to an accountant, attorney or other specialists, as appropriate for their unique
situation. For certain financial planning engagements, the Advisor will provide a written summary of the Client’s
financial situation, observations, and recommendations. For consulting or ad-hoc engagements, the Advisor may
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not provide a written summary. Plans or consultations are typically completed within six (6) months of contract
date, assuming all information and documents requested are provided promptly.
Financial planning and consulting recommendations pose a conflict between the interests of the Advisor and the
interests of the Client. For example, the Advisor has an incentive to recommend that Clients engage the Advisor
for investment management services or to increase the level of investment assets with the Advisor, as it would
increase the amount of advisory fees paid to the Advisor. Clients are not obligated to implement any
recommendations made by the Advisor or maintain an ongoing relationship with the Advisor. If the Client elects
to act on any of the recommendations made by the Advisor, the Client is under no obligation to implement the
transaction through the Advisor.
Retirement Plan Advisory Services
Kowal provides retirement plan advisory services on behalf of the retirement plans (each a “Plan”) and the
company (the “Plan Sponsor”). The Advisor’s retirement plan advisory services are designed to assist the Plan
Sponsor in meeting its fiduciary obligations to the Plan and its Plan Participants. Each engagement is customized
to the needs of the Plan and Plan Sponsor. Services generally include:
● Vendor Analysis
● Plan Participant Enrollment and Education Tracking
● Investment Policy Statement (“IPS”) Design and Monitoring
● Performance Reporting
● Ongoing Investment Recommendation and Assistance
These services are provided by Kowal serving in the capacity as a fiduciary under the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”). In accordance with ERISA Section 408(b)(2), the Plan
Sponsor is provided with a written description of Kowal’s fiduciary status, the specific services to be rendered
and all direct and indirect compensation the Advisor reasonably expects under the engagement.
C. Client Account Management
Prior to engaging Kowal to provide investment advisory services, each Client is required to enter into one or
more agreements with the Advisor that define the terms, conditions, authority and responsibilities of the Advisor
and the Client.
These services may include:
• Establishing an Investment Strategy – Kowal, in connection with the Client, will develop a strategy that
seeks to achieve the Client’s goals and objectives.
• Asset Allocation – Kowal will develop a strategic asset allocation that is targeted to meet the investment
objectives, time horizon, financial situation and tolerance for risk for each Client.
• Portfolio Construction – Kowal will develop a portfolio for the Client that is intended to meet the stated
goals and objectives of the Client.
• Investment Management and Supervision – Kowal will provide investment management and ongoing
oversight of the Client’s investment portfolio.
D. Wrap Fee Programs
Kowal includes, in addition to securities transaction fees, certain mutual fund transaction fees, herein “Covered
Costs”) together with its investment advisory fees. Including these fees into a single asset-based fee is
considered a “Wrap Fee Program”. The Advisor customizes its investment management services for its Clients.
The Advisor sponsors the Kowal Wrap Fee Program solely as a supplemental disclosure regarding the
combination of fees. Depending on the level of trading required for the Client’s account[s] in a particular year, the
Client may pay more or less in total fees than if the Client paid its own transaction fees. Please see Appendix 1 –
Wrap Fee Program Brochure, which is included as a supplement to this Disclosure Brochure.
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E. Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2023 Kowal manages $1,108,665,418 in Client assets, all of which are managed on a
discretionary basis. Clients may request more current information at any time by contacting the Advisor.