Richard C. Young & Co., Ltd. is a SEC-registered investment adviser with its principal place of business located in Rhode Island. The firm also maintains an office in Florida. Richard C. Young & Co., Ltd. began conducting business in 1989. Listed below are the firm's principal shareholders (i.e., those individuals and/or entities controlling 25% or more of this company).  Richard C. Young - 37.5%  The Richard C. Young Family Trust - 62.5% Richard C. Young & Co., Ltd. offers the following advisory services to our clients: INVESTMENT SUPERVISORY SERVICES ("ISS") Through one of the six investment management programs described below and based on the individual needs of the client, our firm provides continuous advice to a client regarding the investment of client funds. The investment programs are not model portfolios. The asset allocation and securities held in client accounts may vary based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, account type, account size, date of investment, deposit and withdrawal activity, and investment restrictions. Global Income and Capital Protection Program - Seeks to provide current income with a secondary goal of conserving principal. Targets an asset mix of 65%-80% in fixed-income securities and 20%-35% in equity type securities. Global Moderate Income Program - Seeks to provide current income while maintaining the purchasing power of future income and capital. Targets an asset mix of 40%-60% in fixed income securities and 40%-60% in equity type securities. Global Moderate Income and Capital Appreciation Program - Seeks to provide income and the opportunity for long-term capital appreciation. Targets an asset mix of 30%-50% in fixed- income securities and 50%-70% in equity type securities. Global Moderate Capital Appreciation Program - Seeks to provide capital appreciation with a reduced amount of risk compared to an aggressive capital appreciation strategy. Targets an asset mix of 15%-30% in fixed-income securities and 70-85% in equity type securities. Retirement Compounders Plus - A portfolio invested 90%-100% in equity type securities which seeks to provide

long-term capital appreciation. Custom - A customized investment program offered to clients who require an asset allocation that differs from the programs listed above. The client is responsible for selecting an investment management program. This decision is made after personal discussions with Richard C. Young & Co., Ltd. in which the client's goals and objectives, time horizons, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs are established. Other factors, such as a client's prior investment history and family composition, may also be discussed prior to the client's selection of an investment management program. Clients with multiple accounts may select more than one investment management program if the accounts or group of accounts have different investment objectives. In this situation, each account or group of accounts will be managed according to the program selected. For clients with multiple accounts with the same investment objectives, all accounts are viewed as one unit for investment management purposes. We manage accounts on a discretionary basis. Account supervision is guided by the client's selection of an investment management program and by their individual needs. Clients may impose reasonable restrictions on investing in certain securities, types of securities, or industry sectors. Our investment recommendations are not limited to any specific product or service offered by a broker-dealer or insurance company and may include advice regarding the following securities:  Exchange-listed securities  Securities traded over-the-counter  Foreign equity and debt securities  Asset Backed Securities  Certificates of Deposit  Corporate debt securities (other than commercial paper)  Currencies  Federal agency securities  Municipal securities  Mutual fund shares  Preferred securities  United States governmental securities Upon written notice to clients, Richard C. Young & Co., Ltd. may purchase securities not listed above for client accounts. AMOUNT OF MANAGED ASSETS As of 12/31/2023, we were actively managing $1,431,004,487 of client assets on a discretionary basis.